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In astrophysics , there ’s a saying that " black hole have no hair . " This mean that , in the theory of generalrelativity , black holes are exceptionally simplistic objects . All you need to describe a pitch-black jam is its batch , its galvanizing thrill and its spin rate . With those three numbers alone , you have everything you could ever love about black holes . In other dustup , they ’re bald — they have no extra information .
This facet of black trap is extremely frustrative to astrophysicists , who desperately require to understand how these cosmic behemoth work . But because black fix have no " pilus , " there ’s no way to memorize more about them and what hit them tick . Alas , bootleg holes remain some of the most confusing and secret objects in the universe of discourse .
An illustration of a black hole.
Related : Stephen Hawking ’s far-famed black hole paradox may at last have a solvent
But this concept of " no - fuzz " mordant hole relies on our current sympathy of general relativity , as originally excogitate byAlbert Einstein . This picture of relativity focuses on the curvature of space - time . Any entity with mass or energy will bend space - time around it , and that bending apprise those entities how to move .
This is not the only direction to construct a theory of relativity theory , however . There ’s an entirely different approach that instead focalize on the " twistiness , " rather than on the curvature , of space - time . In this picture , any entity with peck or vitality twists up space - time around it , and that spin instruct other objects how to move .
The two approach , one based on curve and the other base on twistiness , are mathematically equivalent . But because Einstein developed the curvature - based language first , it ’s much more widely used . The twistiness approaching , know as " teleparallel " gravity for its mathematical employment of parallel lines , offer a lot of way for intriguing theoretical insights that are n’t obvious in the curve glide path .
As an example , a team of theoretic physicist lately search how teleparallel gravity could draw shut the problem of black trap hairiness . They detail their workplace in a paper published to the preprint databasearXivin July . ( The research has yet to be equal - reviewed . )
The team examined likely extensions of world-wide relativity using what ’s called a scalar field — a quantum physical object that inhabit all of place and time . A famous example of a scalar arena is theHiggs boson , which is responsible for giving many particles their masses . There may be extra scalar field of force that inhabit the population and subtly alter how gravity works , and physicists have long used these scalar theater of operations in attempts to explain the nature of cosmic mysteries such asdark matteranddark energy .
In unconstipated curve - based general relativity , there are only so many ways to add scalar sphere . But in teleparallel sombreness , there are many more choice . This enquiry team discovered a elbow room to add scalar fields to general relativity using the teleparallel framework . Then , they used that approach to investigate if these scalar fields , which would otherwise be invisible , might show up near bootleg holes .
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The end result : The scalar field contribute to universal Einstein’s theory of relativity , when explore through the teleparallel lens , give black holes some hair .
The " hair " in this display case is the presence of a secure scalar sphere near the upshot horizon of a black-market hole . Crucially , this scalar field carries information about the black hole inside it , which would give up scientists to realise more about black hole without get to engross inside them .
Now that the researchers have name how to give black muddle some whisker , they next demand to work on the observational consequences of these issue . For object lesson , futuregravitational wave observationsmight reveal subtle signatures of these scalar field in the collision of blackened cakehole .
