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scientist have created an error - detached quantum bit , or qubit , from a single pulse of light , promote hopes for a light - based way - temperature quantum computing machine in the future .
While bits in classical computers store information as either 1 or 0 , qubits inquantum computerscan encode entropy as a superposition of 1 and 0 , intend one qubit can adopt both nation simultaneously .
Quantum computing company QuEra and researchers at Harvard, for example, recently demonstrated a breakthrough in quantum error correction using logical qubits
When quantum computers have billion of qubits in the future , they will process calculations in a fraction of the time that today ’s most powerful supercomputers can . But the most potent quantum information processing system so far have only been built with roughly 1,000 qubits .
Most qubits are made from a superconducting alloy , but these need to be cool to nearabsolute zeroto achieve constancy for the practice of law ofquantum mechanicsto dominate . Qubits are also extremely prostrate to failure , and if a qubit give out during a computing , the data it shop is lost , and a calculation is check .
One way of life to solve this problem is to run up multiple qubits together usingquantum entanglement , an core Albert Einstein splendidly referred to as " skittish action mechanism at a space . By tie them as such through space and metre so they share a single quantum state , scientists can form one " logical qubit , " storing the same information in all of the constitutive physical qubits . If one or more physical qubits fails , the reckoning can continue because the entropy is stored elsewhere .
refer : How could this new case of room - temperature qubit usher in the next phase of quantum computing ?
But you need many physical qubits to create one coherent qubit . Quantum computing company QuEra and researcher at Harvard , for example , late present a breakthrough in quantum error correction using logical qubits , publish their determination Dec. 6 , 2023 , in the journalNature . This will contribute to the launch of aquantum computer with 10 logical qubitslater this year — but it will be made using 256 forcible qubits .
For that reasonableness , researchers are look at alternative ways to make qubits and have previously demonstrated that you’re able to produce a physical qubit from a single photon ( particle of light ) . This can also control at elbow room temperature because it does n’t swear on the conventional way to make qubits , using superconducting metals that need to be cool . But individual physical photonic qubits are still prone to nonstarter .
In a study published in August 2023 in the journalNature , scientist showed that you could successfully entangle multiple photonic qubits . Building on this inquiry , the same team has now show that you’re able to create a de facto legitimate qubit — which has an built-in capacity for error correction — using a unmarried laser heart rate that contains multiple photons entangled by nature . They published their findings Jan. 18 in the journalScience .
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" Our laser pulse was converted to a quantum ocular state that gives us an implicit in capacity to correct errors,“Peter van Loock , a professor of theoretic quantum optic at Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz in Germany and co - author of the Dec. 6 study , said in astatement . " Although the system consists only of a laser pulsing and is thus very small , it can — in principle — eradicate errors immediately . "
base on their result , there ’s no need to make case-by-case photons as qubits from different light pulses and snarl them afterwards . You would need just one light pulse to create a " robust logical qubit , " van Loock added .
Although the results are promising , the coherent qubit they produce experimentally was n’t good enough to achieve the erroneousness - rectification spirit level necessitate to perform as a ordered qubit in a real quantum data processor . Rather , the scientists said this piece of work shows you could transmute a non - correctable qubit into a amendable qubit using photonic methods .
