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investigator inChinahave developed aquantum processing unit(QPU ) that is 1 quadrillion ( 10¹⁵ ) times quicker than thebest supercomputers on the planet .
The young prototype 105 - qubit micro chip , dubbed " Zuchongzhi 3.0 , " which apply superconductingqubits , represents a meaning step ahead forquantum calculation , scientists at the University of Science and Technology of China ( USTC ) in Hefei said .
The latest iteration of Zuchongzhi includes 105 transmon qubits — devices made from metals like tantalum, niobium, and aluminum that have reduced sensitivity to noise.
It touch the benchmarking result put by Google ’s latestWillow QPUin December 2024 that allowed scientists to stake a title forquantum domination — where quantum computers are more able than the fastest supercomputers — in research lab - based benchmarking .
The scientists used the processor to fill in a project on the wide used quantum computingrandom circuitsampling ( RSC ) bench mark in just a few hundred seconds , they said in a new report published March 3 in the journalPhysical Review Letters .
This mental test , 83 - qubit , 32 - level random circuit sample task , was also completed 1 million times faster than theresult determine by Google ’s previous generation sycamore fig chip , published in October 2024.Frontier , the second - fast supercomputer in the world , would only be able-bodied to dispatch the same task in 5.9 billion long time , by line
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Although the resolution hint QPUs are up to of achieving quantum domination , the specific RCS benchmarking used favors quantum method . Also , improvement in Greco-Roman algorithmic program that force classical computing may exit the col , as happened in 2019 when Google scientistsfirst announced a quantum data processor had outperformed a classical estimator — in the first use of the RSC bench mark .
" Our study not only set ahead the frontiers of quantum computing , but also lays the groundwork for a novel earned run average where quantum processors play an essential role in tackling advanced real - human race challenges , " the scientist allege in the study .
Rivaling Google’s best quantum processor
The late iteration of Zuchongzhi include 105 transmon qubits — equipment made from metals like atomic number 73 , niobium , and aluminum that have reduced sensitivity to stochasticity — in a 15 - by-7 rectangular lattice . This build on the late chip , which include 66 qubits .
One of the most important area vital to the viability of quantum computer science in real - creation configurations is coherence sentence , a measure of how long a qubit can maintain its superposition principle and beg into the laws ofquantum mechanicsto perform reckoning in parallel . Longer cohesion times mean more complicated operations and calculations are potential .
Another major improvement was in gate fidelity and quantum error chastening , which has been an obstruction to building useful quantum computer . logic gate fidelity measures how accurately a quantum gate performs its intended operation , where a quantum logic gate is analogous to a classic logical system logic gate , perform a specific mathematical operation on one or more qubits , manipulating their quantum state . Higher fidelity qubits think of fewer fault and more accurate computing .
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Zuchongzhi 3.0 perform with an impressive parallel single - qubit logic gate fidelity of 99.90 % , and a parallel two - qubit gate fidelity of 99.62 % . Google ’s Willow QPU edged it slightly , with results of 99.97 % and 99.86 % respectively .
These improvements were for the most part possible due to engineering improvements , including enhancements in fiction methods and better optimise qubits design , the scientist said in the study . For case , the in style loop lithographically defines qubit components using atomic number 73 and aluminum , bond through an indium bump impudent - chip procedure . This meliorate accuracy and minimizes contaminant .
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