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The human organic structure continues to storm Dr. , who report meeting patients with rare circumstance or unique abilities . In this list , we take a look at 32 strange medical cases reported throughout the years , zooming in on the patient ' symptom and outcomes .
Not all of the cases are fully explainable , but in many of them , doctors determined the causes of the strange conditions . A prompt diagnosis followed by the appropriate treatment mean a number of patient in these tarradiddle recoup , but some of the cases were fatal .
The tiny bumps on a man’s tongue didn’t shed and took on a green color.
Cement in a man’s heart
A 4 - inch ( 10 centimeters ) piece of cement gotlodged in the heart of a 56 - class - old manafter traveling through his bloodstream after a surgical function .
The man was admitted to the emergency way after experiencing breast pain and trouble breathe for two days . An cristal - ray and CT scan support that aforeign physical object was in his heart . During OR , doctors ground the object , which turned out to be a crisp , thin piece of cement that had torn through the upper - right chamber of the humanity ’s heart and punctured his right lung .
The cementum had come from a subprogram the man had a week to begin with to plow a broken vertebra . Doctors inject a special type of cementum to reestablish his vertebra . Although this procedure is usually safe , in this case , the cement leaked from the bone into the patient role ’s veins . The cement then hardened and traveled through the man ’s bloodstream to his heart . He find a month after the operating theatre to remove the cementum .
The tiny bumps on a man’s tongue didn’t shed and took on a green color.
Green “furry” tongue
A homo found that histongue was shoot gullible " hairs"after he grow a benignant condition have a go at it as hairy glossa . Lingua villosa , as it is also called , happens when the tiny bumps on the tongue , called papilla , do n’t throw off as they normally would and thus grow beyond their normal length , which is ordinarily around 0.04 in ( 1 millimeter ) long . As the bumps grow , they deform a special colour — typically green , brownish , white , green or pinkish — look on the nutrient , bacterium and other material they encounter .
The condition is pretty mutual , affecting about13 % of peopleat some point in their life . eat on easygoing nutrient and drinking large amounts of coffee , teatime or alcoholic drink can increase the risk of developing haired tongue . The 64 - year - old in this case followed his doctors ' instruction to scrub up his natural language daily with a soup-strainer , and his tongue turn back to normal in six months , thecase reportnoted .
Fetus in a toddler’s brain
Doctors surgically removed afetus that was ascertain in the brainof a 1 - year - old young woman .
This rare condition , call intraventricular fetus in fetu , was discoveredafter the child originate an exaggerated headand had delayed motor science ontogeny . The fetus came from the same fertilized eggs as the girl , so if the fetus had developed ordinarily , it would have been her identical similitude . However , when one fetus envelops the other , the absorbed twintypically stop over developing .
foetus - in - fetu is very rarefied , pass off in only about1 in 500,000 nativity . Most cases of the phenomenon happen in theabdomen , rather than the head .
The tiny bumps on a man’s tongue didn’t shed and took on a green color.
Student able to change pupil size
Most of us ca n’t tell what our pupils are doing , as usually , they automatically dilate in the darkness to have in more visible light and squeeze in shining environments to restrain the amount of brightness that flows through them . However , one educatee in Germany found he couldenlarge and quail his pupil voluntarily .
The 23 - twelvemonth - old state investigator that constricting his pupils feel like tensing something , while making them large felt like he was fully relaxing his eyes . At first , he changed his pupils ' sizes by focusing in front of or behind an object , and then with practice session , he read how to do it just by concentrating on his centre . Although some citizenry can achieve this effect indirectly , such as by guess about the sunlight , research worker could n’t observe any indication that the scholar was using such a method .
Man living normally with small brain
A 44 - year - old man who worked as a civic handmaiden was lead a normal life , despite his wit being at least half the modal sizing .
This pillow slip was described in the journalThe Lancetafter the man sought medical help because he had feel helplessness in his left leg for two hebdomad . When he was 6 month honest-to-god , doctors had aim a shunt in his straits to relieve fluid buildup in his brain . At years 14 , he lose full control of his left peg but recover it after the bypass was altered . His neurologic development and the relief of his medical story were otherwise normal .
However , after he seek medical help for the weakness in his branch , brain scan showed several abnormalities . His condition cause a buildup of fluid in his skull , which pass on him with justa thin sheet of brain tissue , because the fluid leave little room for head tissue . Feeling returned to his pegleg after a new shunt was inserted to drain the excess fluid .
Teen speaking only in a foreign language
A 17 - year - former in the Netherlands lost his ability to speak and translate Dutch for 24 hour after an orthopedic OR . During this case of strange nomenclature syndrome ( FLS ) , he could communicate only in English , which he ’d never spoken outside of a classroom .
According to thecase report , it started when the adolescent survive to the hospital for knee operating theater following an incident during a soccer game . This was his first time being operated on and undergo generalanesthesia . When he woke up , he was mazed and thought he was in the United States , specifically Utah . A head-shrinker confirm that the stripling could answer interrogation only in English — adequately but not fluently .
When friends come to chitchat him around 24 hr after the operation , the son spontaneously start to empathize and speak Dutch again . During a genial test the next twenty-four hour period , the teen said he could remember himself only speaking and understanding English . However , it could be that he thought this because he was distinguish about the incident .
The authors of the case paper believe this was the first scientifically reported case of FLS in a child or teen . It ’s undecipherable what have the teen to have FLS , but the authors conjecture that it might have been relate to the anesthetic he was give .
Severe side effect of holding in a sneeze
A human beings in his thirty was drive when he felt the itch to sneeze . He stifled his sneeze by pinch his olfactory organ and closing his oral fissure butimmediately finger severe neck pain . When he went to the ER , a CT scan of his neck and pectus bring out a quarter - inch - long ( half a centimeter ) tear in his trachea , or windpipe .
Doctors decided against surgery , since the man ’s vital signs were otherwise normal . Nevertheless , the patient was kept under observation . Five week after he was drop , a follow - up CT scan show that his trachea had healed .
" We surmise the trachea perforated due to a speedy build - up of pressure in the trachea while sneezing with a pinched nozzle and closed sassing , " the care team write in the journalBMJ Case Reports . They suggest people not to stifle sneezes in this way .
A scan of the man’s rain revealed just a thin sheet of brain tissue.
Girl born with hair all over her body
Since birth , a 2 - twelvemonth - one-time girl had hair all over her dead body , except on her palm , fillet of sole , oral fissure , oculus and olfactory organ .
In areport of the pillow slip , doctors take down that the daughter had no other knottiness interrelate to the condition , known as congenital generalized hypertrichosis terminalis . The main reason she was bring in for medical attending was that her parents were alarmed by her forcible appearance . Doctors ensure her parent that the condition was benign and listed some hair - removal options for the child .
Allergy to water
In an extremely rarefied case , an 18 - month - older was diagnose with anallergy to water , know medically as aquagenic urticaria . Within just 15 second of coming into contact with water , she see severe skin response , include hives and efflorescence .
The exact cause of this condition stay unnamed . Some theoriessuggest the urtication could be due to a essence that ’s dissolved in the water system , such as atomic number 17 , rather than the water itself , or that something on patients ' skin produces a toxic gist when it touch on body of water .
Baby’s changing eye color
A 6 - calendar month - old ’s eyesturned from chocolate-brown to a deep Indigofera tinctoria blueafter he was given the antiviral favipiravir to treat COVID-19 .
Favipiravir give up computer virus from copy their genetic material . Less than a Clarence Day after the antiviral drug was hold to the babe , his eyes started shine blue in the sunlight . A aesculapian examination discover a buildup of disconsolate pigment in both of his cornea — the percipient , outer part of the eye . Five day after the antiviral was block , the boy ’s eyes reelect to their original Brown University .
The blue may have been cause by the buildup of fluorescent chemical in the cornea as the drug was broken down by the consistence , thecase reportauthors suggested .
The boy was injured during a game of soccer and started speaking in a foreign language after surgery.
The dancing plague
One of the greatest unresolved mysteries of public wellness is what caused the three - century - long"dancing plague"in Europe .
Starting in the 13th century , people in Germany , the Netherlands and Italy would reportedly gather in large crowds and saltation frantically until they got exhausted or die . As many as 1,100 people would take part in each assembly . There are detailed accounts of such dance plagues in literature , but the exact cause remains unknown . It ’s probable that this dancing pestis , or choreomania , was triggered by a combining of factors .
Historical accounts paint a picture that it was a mass psychological phenomenon trigger by social adversity and that it confront itself in the form of dancing due to the underlie polish of the period .
An X-ray of the man’s neck showed trapped air pockets under his skin of his neck, as shown by the arrows above.
Fatal insomnia
A affected role was log Z’s only two to three hours a night in acase of fateful familial insomnia ( FFI ) . The 57 - twelvemonth - old man had experienced progressive memory board decline for one class before being admitted to the hospital . During the solar day , he often felt rickety and often terminate up fall departed when he was sitting or lying down . His power to use chopsticks worsened quickly , he developed issues walk soon afterward . The military man give-up the ghost a few months after being admitted to the hospital .
FFI is a character of transmissible prion protein disease for which there ’s no in force discourse . Prion diseasesoccur when cells make nonadaptive proteins that accumulate in the mentality , run to reform-minded price . The symptoms of FFI include insomnia , movement disorders and hormonal shifts . Tests usually let on genetic mutation in a factor anticipate PRNP ; one genetic mutation called D178N is attach to both FFI and a 2nd prion disease .
Police officer who recognized everyone
" Where do I know you from ? " a constabulary officer celebrate ask strangers . The 46 - year - honest-to-goodness had developed intermittent episodes of anxiety each lasting about 15 second ; six months after these episode began , he had a seizure . His MRI results and neurological exam were normal . However , a calendar month after the seizure , he reported young symptoms . In addition to memory problem , he experienced an uneven phenomenon : Every person he saw look familiar .
Acase reportdetailed how the officer ’s " hyperfamiliarity " also occurred to a lesser extent with case in photos and on TV , but not with vocalization . Patients with hyperfamiliarity for expression ( HFF ) promptly realize that they ’re mistaken . They usually have lesion on the left cerebral hemisphere and temporal lobe of the brain , but the right cerebral hemisphere and frontal area of their Einstein remain normal .
The left cerebral hemisphere is ask in discover unparalleled facial feature , while the right hand is known to link face with emotional and personal significance . Thus , HFF may occur when the left hemisphere is afflicted and the ripe hemisphere overcompensates , lead to a put on sensory faculty of familiarity . The generator of the report propose that HFF is more common than distrust , since the vast legal age of showcase probably go unrecognized .
Giant kidney worm
A vernal man went to the ER because he could n’t pee and he ’d had a fever for two Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . His vital organ were normal except for a speedy heart rate . infirmary staff placed a catheter and gave the man IV fluids and a combination of drug . But on his 2nd day in the hospital , the patient found aworm in his urine bag .
The hospital ’s microbiology section confirmed that the worm — which was crimson and almost 12 inch ( 30 cm ) long — was the rarified parasiteDioctophyma renale . When his piddle was analyzed , no traces of the sponge ’s eggs were ground . Although doctors give notice against it , the man leave the hospital after he had sink the dirt ball .
D. renaleis one of the largest live parasitical nematodes . It ’s find mostly in the kidney of flesh - eating mammals , like hotdog and wolves , which then egest its eggs in their pee . Humans could get infect by eating peeled or undercooked Pisces or frogs containing the larvae . In this particular case , the affected role had eat naked Pisces from a lake close to his place . It was n’t the first time he ’d pass such worms . In complicated cases , the only discussion is for the infected kidney to be removed .
Related:32 scarey parasitic diseases
Child who ate “everything except food”
In acase report , doctors described how a 7 - twelvemonth - old girl reported to their section with a account of abdominal pain for three years , endure down teeth and pit . The girl had been corrode pieces of brick for five geezerhood , despite warnings from her parents .
It ’s common for babies to go through a temporary period of putting all kinds of thing in their mouths . However , when a child past this phase set out eating things that are n’t food for thought again , there ’s cause for business concern . When people start eating nonfood token such as stones , brick , shabu and grievous bodily harm , the condition is known aspica . Possible causes of pica let in iron deficiency and lead photograph .
The child in the example write up was given iron , zinc and calcium supplements , and her habit stop after six months .
The boy’s brown eyes (left) turned blue (right) after being treated with antiviral COVID-19 medication.
Double teeth
When a 14 - year - old boy went in for a routine dental medical examination , dentists ascertain that his left first premolar had two crowns . He had no symptoms related to the tooth and did not want any treatment for it , according to thereport of the case .
Tooth duplication , commonly known as " double tooth , " is a exploitation disorder of a tooth ’s shape coming from a unmarried tooth source ’s unsuccessful attempt to divide . The accurate causal agency of duplication is unknown , but environmental factors such as trauma or vitamin deficiencies may play a use .
Mermaid syndrome
Areportdescribes the case of a baby with sirenomelia , also known as " mermaid syndrome , " a experimental condition in which a baby is born with a unmarried middle lower limb instead of two legs . The babe was born with commingle down limb and fused foot , which were rotated and align abnormally , making them resemble fins . The babe was change to a neonatal unit but died after seven hr of aliveness .
Risk factor for mermaid syndrome include paternal diabetes and drug misuse , but the exact suit remains nameless .
Woman who couldn’t feel pain
A 58 - class - old woman had a farseeing history of insensitiveness to ail and recall how , as a nipper , she would get cuts that she could not feel . She also did not experience pain in the ass when disturb super hot or cold water , although she could say the remainder between the two , her doctor account in acase theme . The woman , who has two children , did n’t feel pain during childbirth , either .
She was diagnosed with a condition address congenital insensitivity to pain ( CIP ) , a rare disease due to mutations in theSCN9A cistron . People who have CIP can feel unlike sensations but ca n’t perceive pain in the ass .
standardized to others with CIP , the woman had anosmia , mean she could n’t smell .
A copperplate engraving based on a drawing of one of the choreomania events.
Persistent hiccups
While hiccups ordinarily end on their own after a short while , that ’s not always the case . In fact , almost4,000people are admitted to the hospital in the United States for hiccups every year .
A22 - year - old male person report having hiccupsall solar day for two years . Past medical handling , which were not described in the write up , did not help . Due to his chronic hiccups , he relinquish his job and his societal life broke down . He also begin feeling abdominal pain and had anemia .
finally , he chose to undergosurgery to treat his gastroesophageal ebb , which was thought to be do the hiccup , and he hiccuped throughout the function . Although the absolute frequency of his hiccups lessen after the surgery , he was n’t entirely cured . While it ’s often not potential to discover a single cause for chronic hiccups , some cases includegastroesophageal reflux disease and adrenal insufficiency .
Giant, lung-shaped blood clot
A man was hold to the intensive care unit when his symptoms of inveterate heart failure short worsen . After admission he started cough up blood and also had trouble breathing . He was given blood - cutting medicine , which increase his risk of haemorrhage , for the serious heart condition . At one head , he jump coughing violently — and he hacked up agiant blood clot in the shape of part of his lung . essentially , it was a mold of clabber blood in the condition of a branched air duct called a bronchial tree .
The 36 - year - onetime man conk out a workweek later due to complication of heart unsuccessful person . Doctors publish the image of the blood coagulum in a fount report inThe New England Journal of Medicine .
Navy-blue blood
One night , a 25 - year - old woman in Rhode Island apply large amounts of numb medication to a tooth that was wound her . The next sidereal day , she go to the ER because she feel weak and jade , was experience brusqueness of breath and had skin discoloration .
When her descent was drawn , itappeared a cryptic , navy Amytal or else of red . agree to thecase write up , the woman had a experimental condition calledmethemoglobinemia , where there ’s an increase level of a type of hemoglobin called methemoglobin , which , unlike the even signifier of hemoglobin , ca n’t run oxygen to the rest of the organic structure .
The condition can beeither congenitalor a side effect of some drugs , including some anesthetics . The woman was quickly do by with intravenous methylene blue , which meliorate her breathing and abbreviate her skin discoloration . The medicinal drug helped by restoring iron to its right variety within her blood , and in this case , the woman made a arrant recovery .
For one police officer, every face he saw on the street felt familiar.
Beer-making belly
A man was arrested for " drunk driving " even though he insisted he had n’t been drinking . After this incident , he went to an Ohio clinic , where doctors found strains ofSaccharomyces boulardiiandSaccharomyces cerevisiae , known as beer maker ’s yeast , in his faecal matter sample .
It turned out that the manhad a experimental condition called auto - brewery syndrome , in which microbes in the intestine transform carbohydrates into alcoholic drink , allot to a case news report in the journalBMJ Open Gastroenterology . This diagnosis also explain why he had installment of orphic drunkenness and " brain fog . " The human was cured after doctors put him on antifungal agents and a carbohydrate - free diet for six hebdomad .
Sudoku-triggered seizures
In a puzzling case , a German mandeveloped seizures while seek to work a Sudoku brainteaser .
agree to thereport of the man ’s case , he had n’t always oppose this means to Sudoku . During a ski tripper in 2008 , he was swallow in the snow by an avalanche , knocked unconscious and then open CPR . The man survived , but because his genius was deprived of atomic number 8 for 15 minutes , he developed muscle saccade in his mouth and legs . After being given anti - epileptic medication , he started to retrieve .
But while trying to solve a Sudoku puzzle at a rehabilitation adeptness , the man started experiencing involuntary jerking motions , calledclonic seizures , in his odd arm . Doctors subsequently discovered that the seizures were set off when the Isle of Man imagine the numbers in Sudoku grids in three dimension , which reportedly helped him solve the puzzles . Unfortunately , that put an end to the man ’s hobby , as it was the only way he could ward off the seizures .
Teeth in a baby’s brain
A 4 - month - old son was taken for medical tests because his head come out to be growing quicker than what was normal for his geezerhood . A brain CAT scan confirmed that he had a brain tumor . However , during brain surgery to remove the tumor , doctor found that it contained several fully formed tooth , according to thecase paper .
It turned out that the child had acraniopharyngioma , a rare type of benign brain tumor . After the surgical process , his doctor said the son was " doing extremely well , all things considered . "
Long-lost contact lens found decades later
While playing badminton , a 14 - twelvemonth - old girl was hit in the eye with a bird . She was wearing a liaison lens , which she could n’t see ; she assume it strike down out of her optic and was lose . However , she was in for a surprise when she went to the doctor due to swelling in her left upper eyelid 28 yr later .
An MRI register a cyst , which was surgically removed . When it was removed , the cyst burst — and there , lo and behold , was the long - lost contact lens , herdoctors explained . It move around out that during the badminton injury , the lens migrated to the charwoman ’s leave upper lid , where it remain hidden for 28 years .
Baboon syndrome
Penicillin is one of the most commonly used antibiotics globally , but as with any other drug , it can have side result . A 40 - year - old man with a mad pharynx was feed penicillin to address tonsillitis . twenty-four hours later , he developed a skin rash on his axillary cavity , groin and buttocks in a case of " baboon syndrome , " named after its resemblance to the crimson colour on the rear of some monkeys .
The status , formerly call " symmetrical drug - related intertriginous and flexural skin eruption , " is usually induce by anallergic reaction to penicillinor other core , such as quicksilver . concord to the man’scase report , the rash disappeared after his medication was exchange .
Temporary wrinkles
When a man put his hands in H2O , he developed " undue wrinkling " on his hands that would disappear around 30 minutes after they dry out , concord to acase reportin the daybook JAMA Dermatology .
The stipulation , calledaquagenic syringeal acrokeratoderma(ASA ) , is a rarified hide disease that usually occurs in young women , but in this instance , it affected a man in his 20s . It occurs mostly in masses with cystic fibrosis .
The man essay aesculapian aid after experience the condition for three years , with the skin on his hands becoming swollen-headed , wrinkly and scaly whenever they made physical contact with water . The Isle of Man ’s thenar were untouched , which is strange , but he was nonetheless diagnose with ASA . He was treat with an ointment containing a adrenal cortical steroid and moisturizer , and his symptoms started improving within a calendar month .
The girl had been eating pieces of bricks for years before going to the hospital.
Accidental caffeine overdose after measuring error
An error while measuring caffeine pulverization had fatal consequences for a man in the U.K. The29 - year - honest-to-goodness personal trainerordered a small travelling bag of caffein pulverization to add together to his swallow . Although he think to sum up up to 300 milligram ( 0.01 ounce ) of the pulverisation , the scale he used had a start weight of 2 Gram ( 0.07 oz ) . Immediately after consuming his drink , he felt his heart beat up fast , and he started foaming at the mouth . His wife called an ambulance , but the man die later that day .
At the time , the coroner found a caffein level of 392 milligrams per cubic decimetre in the dupe ’s rakehell — the equivalent of about 100 to 200 cups of coffee . The coroner said it appear that the man was aiming for the centre of the range of the recommended caffein dose but got his deliberation wrong .
Folded stomach
Doctors managed to preserve a daughter ’s life after she developed a rare and potentially life - endanger condition called gastric volvulus , in which part or all of the stomach rotates by more than 180 degrees . When this happened to the 12 - year - old girl , she was left in crippling pain in the neck , could not breathe properly and could n’t run faeces .
Gastric volvulus can direct to an obstructed venter , blocking the effort of food for thought , blood and oxygen . According to thereport of her case , the fille survived , thanks to the prompt diagnosis and operative handling . However , the condition is fateful in about 30 % to 50 % of case .
Gastric volvulus is usually due to a hernia , in which part of the stomach pushes into the chest caries through an opening in the diaphragm . However , in the girlfriend ’s case , the venter folded over itself because the ligaments anchoring her stomach in place were promiscuous .
Tumor in “extra” breast
A 63 - yr - old woman sense painful swelling in her armpit and sought aesculapian help . Doctors saw that she had a passel of tissue , which anultrasound revealed was an " spare breast . “However , doctors also found a spherical tumor originate in one of the milk ducts in the extra breast . The tumor was benignant and was successfully removed , according to the patient’scase report .
This kind of neoplasm affect up to 3 % of people in their normal breast tissue , but it is not commonly found in extra bosom tissue . Polymastia , which consult to having special breast tissue paper , is arelatively coarse circumstance , affecting up to 6 % of females and 3 % of male person .
Diver’s leaky blood vessels
Scuba divers plan their rate of ascension to invalidate decompressing sickness ( DCS ) , which can be life peril . DCS befall when dissolved gases in a person ’s blood conformation burp in a soul ’s bloodstream and tissues . A frogman ’s rapid ascent from a high - pressure environment in the deep sea to the lower pressure at the surface could trigger DCS . Symptoms let in joint pain , nausea and headaches .
One underwater diver had an extremely rare complication of DCS in which fluid part flowing out of his cells , Dr. explained in the journalBMJ Case Reports . The man , who was in his XL , function to the atomic number 68 with shortness of breathing space after a 100 - foot ( 30 meters ) dive . While doctors might have distrust DCS , an expert on systemic hairlike leak syndrome ( SCLS)identified the loon ’s symptoms and help oneself provide the appropriate treatment for the complication .
It was suspected that air bubbles organize in the patient role ’s blood vessels , touch off a " pro - inflammatory cascade which made the vessel more permeable , resulting in the leak of protein and fluid , " the expert suppose at the time . SCLS can be calamitous , but in this lawsuit prompt diagnosing and treatment mean the diver was discharge in less than a week .
Locked-in syndrome
Acase reportdescribes the case of a 54 - year - sure-enough human withlocked - in syndrome(LIS ) , a rare neurologic disorder in which patient ca n’t move or speak but can otherwise think ordinarily . It has been trace as " being a captive in [ your ] own body . "
Historically , people with LIS have interact with others by prompt their eye or blinking ; today , though , there are various assistive devices availableand in development to help people communicate . The primary cause of LIS is price to a part of the brainiac phone the ventral pons ; the damagemost unremarkably results from a strokebut can also be triggered by trauma ; contagion ; masses , such as neoplasm ; or demyelinating disorders , such as multiple induration .
Patients can live for years with LIS . However , this patient had repeated infections and died from pneumonia 36 days after being diagnosed with the precondition .
A woman could tell the difference between hot and cold water, but didn’t feel discomfort touching either.
A man complained of suffering from hiccups all day for two years.
A man coughed up a blood clot shaped like his right bronchial tree, the lung’s branched airway passages.
When doctors drew this woman’s blood they found that it was blue.
One man discovered there was a reason why he was feeling drunk despite not consuming any alcohol.
Solving Sudoku grids had an unintended side-effect for one man.
A brain tumor in an infant was found to contain teeth; a brain scan of the boy’s tumor is shown here.
Two scans of the woman’s head from different angles with arrows pointing toward the small cyst in her eyelid. The red arrows indicate the cyst.
The man had rashes on his buttocks, groin, upper thighs and under his armpits.
The skin of his hands would become thick, swollen, wrinkly and scaly after being in water.
Caffeine toxicity can damage the heart and nervous system.
A quick ascent from deep-sea diving can trigger decompression sickness.
